Jordarmering til hestehold
Hold hestene på græs – og bevar græsset
Vinterstabil udslusning. IBRAN-gitre armerer jorden under græsdækket, så porte, stier og folde forbliver grønne i stedet for at blive trampet til mudder.
Hvorfor armering er afgørende her
Heste slider på græs på en måde, intet andet gør. Et halvt ton dyr på fire hove koncentrerer mere tryk per kvadratcentimeter end de fleste køretøjer, og i modsætning til et køretøj står det samme sted i timevis, skifter vægt og kommer tilbage dagen efter.
Græs kan klare det om sommeren. Det kan det ikke i januar, når jorden er mættet og græsset ikke vokser. Tørven flår, rodzonelaget forskydes sidelæns, vand fylder hullet, og inden for uger er en begroet port til bar mudder, der ikke kommer sig igen før maj.
Det er derfor så meget af vinterdriften reelt er mudderstyring: heste ind tidligere end ønsket, folde i hvile som var tiltrængt, ben vasket hver dag, og en forårsudlægning der trampes op igen den følgende vinter.
Et cellegitter ændrer mekanikken. Rodzonen er indesluttet i lukkede celler, så den ikke kan forskydes sidelæns eller trampes ned i blød jord, og belastningen fordeles over hele overfladen i stedet for at punktere den. Græsset vokser op over celletoppe, rødderne holder i et profil der forbliver intakt, og græsdækket overlever forhold, der ellers ville ødelægge det.
Marken forbliver en mark. Det er pointen.
Typiske anvendelser
- Markporte og indgange
- Udsluse- og trackstier
- Vandtrug- og rundfoderstander-pladser
- Adgangsveje og omgivelser til markshelters
- Vinterfolder og offerfolde
- Samlingspunkter og fangstområder
- Omgivelser til hestewalker og ridebane
- Græsningsstier mellem folde
Overblik
| Bærelag | 150-250mm åbengraderet bærelagsgrus, mere på blød eller fugtig jord |
| Fyld | Sanddomineret rodzonesubstrat, fyldt i niveau med celletoppe |
| Etablering | Såning eller tørv. Giv en fuld vækstsæson inden vinterbrug, hvor muligt |
| Typisk belastning | Stående og gående heste samt traktorer, møgvogne og markkøretøjer |
| Overflade | Naturlig græsflade. Fast, plan og frit afvandende uden stående mudder |
| Permeabilitet | Fuldt permeabel. Vand nedsiver i stedet for at stå, hvor hestene opholder sig |
| Designlevetid | 25 år, forudsat dokumenteret udførelse |
| Materiale | 100% genanvendt polypropylen, bæredygtigt fremstillet i EU |
Hvorfor græs frem for sten
Begge fyldtyper fungerer i det samme gitter, og på en hesteejendom er græssvaret som regel det rigtige.
Græs giver en naturlig overflade under hovene, som heste er skabt til, og som de fleste ejere ønsker. Det bevarer arealet som afgræsning frem for at omdanne det til befæstet areal, hvilket har betydning for, hvordan ejendommen klassificeres, hvordan den ser ud, og hvad den kan bruges til senere. Og det undgår løst materiale, hvor heste færdes: sten kan bevæge sig under hovene, kvæste såler eller sætte sig fast i en hov eller sko, så hvor det ikke er nødvendigt, er det bedre undladt.
Sten er på sin plads i få specifikke situationer: parkering til hestetrailere og -vogne, gårdsadgang og adgangsvej til møddingen, hvor et køretøj drejer under last, og udseende betyder mindre end forudsigelighed. Hvor det bruges i nærheden af heste, specificeres en finkornet, kantet graderet blanding pakket i niveau, så overfladen fungerer som én sammenhængende masse.
Overalt, hvor heste opholder sig, bruges græs.
Hvilken gitterdybde?
Dybdeangivelsen på et gitter er en beslutning om, hvor dybt det indesluttede rodzonelag er, og for græs under heste er det denne dybde, der afgør, om græsdækket regenererer.
- IBRAN®-X50 er vores anbefaling til hestegræsning. Den dybere celle holder mere fugt og giver rødderne mere plads, inden de rammer noget fast, så græsdækket regenererer mellem brug og overlever sommeren såvel som vinteren. Det er også det rigtige valg ved porte og overalt, hvor køretøjer drejer.
- IBRAN®-X40 til lettere belastede stier og shelteromgivelser, hvor hestetrafik er periodisk frem for daglig.
- IBRAN®-X30 hvor niveauforholdene er begrænsende, eller arbejdet foregår op ad en eksisterende befæstet gårdsplads.
Lave celler udtørrer først og hurtigst præcis der, hvor hovene sætter. På arealer der bruges hver dag hele året, udfører den dybere celle et reelt arbejde.
Rodzonesubstrat og frøblanding
Brug et sanddomineret rodzonesubstrat, ikke muldmuld alene. Muld holder på vand og komprimeres under hove, og et komprimeret rodzonelag kvæler rødderne præcis der, hvor græsset er under størst pres. En sanddomineret blanding holder profilen åben og frit afvandende, så vand bevæger sig igennem og luft når rødderne efter en fugtig uge med udslusning.
Fyld i niveau med celletoppe, ikke over. Græsset vokser op over cellekanter og skjuler gitteret fuldstændigt, mens kanterne forbliver klar til at optage belastning i det øjeblik en hov sætter.
Til frøblandingen specificeres der for slidstyrke og til de heste, der bruger arealet. En slidstærk hestevenlig eller brugsplæneblanding ser mindre ud som en plæne i år ét og betydeligt bedre i år fem. Hvor laminitis eller metaboliske problemer er en bekymring i besætningen, drøftes artsvalget med dyrlægen eller en græslandsrådgiver inden bestilling, da sukkerindholdet varierer betydeligt mellem blandinger, og det er langt lettere at vælge rigtigt end at ændre det efterfølgende.
How it goes in
- Work out where the water goes. Gateways, troughs and shelter doors are usually the low point of everything around them, which is half the reason they poach. Decide now whether you need a cross-fall, a drain across the entrance, or somewhere for it to soak away.
- Dig the mud out. This is the step people skip and the one that matters most: poached ground has no bearing capacity, and building on it just buries the problem. Excavate to firm subsoil however far down that is.
- Lay a woven geotextile across the formation, lapping joins by at least 300mm. On soft ground it is doing structural work, stopping the sub-base punching down and stopping soil pumping up into the rootzone.
- Lay and compact an open-graded sub-base in 50mm layers. On very soft or wet ground you may need more depth than you expect, because you are building a raft rather than a surface.
- Blind with a thin levelling layer and screed it flat.
- Push-fit the grids together, staggering the joints. Cut to line at gateposts, troughs and fencing with a saw.
- Restrain the edges, and run the grids wider than the opening so the restraint sits outside the line hooves and tyres actually take.
- Fill the cells with a sand-dominant rootzone, level with the cell tops, brushing in so no cell is left hollow.
- Seed or turf, water in, and keep horses off while the sward establishes.
Full step-by-step detail is in our grass grid installation guide.
Letting the grass establish
This decides how the ground looks in year three, and it is the hardest part to be patient with on a working yard.
The surface is only as strong as the root structure holding the rootzone together. A gateway seeded in spring and turned out onto in June will look tired by its first winter; the same installation left through a full growing season will carry horses for decades.
Where the calendar will not allow it, use turf rather than seed, and phase the work so some areas establish while others carry the traffic. Doing gateways in the spring rather than the autumn gives the sward the whole summer before it is asked to do anything difficult.
How far to extend a gateway
Further than the gap. The instinct is to surface between the posts and stop, but horses and vehicles fan out as they come through, and so does the damage.
As a working rule, take it at least a horsebox length into the field and wider than the gate opening on both sides. Where horses queue at a gate waiting to come in, extend it on the field side to cover where they stand, not just where they walk.
Surface only the gap and you move the mud two metres, then have to lead a horse through it to reach the good bit.
Troughs, feeders and shelters
These are the other places horses stand still, and they poach for the same reason: constant occupation, no recovery time, and water arriving from somewhere.
A reinforced grassed standing around a trough or ring feeder pays for itself quickly, because it is a small area doing a lot of damage. Extend it beyond the reach of the horses using it: a metre and a half around a trough, and the full footprint plus a margin around a feeder.
At field shelters, the doorway and the strip immediately outside take the worst of it. Reinforce the approach as well as the entrance, and get the falls right so water runs away from the shelter rather than into it.
Turnout tracks and track systems
Track systems concentrate horses into a narrow route deliberately, which is excellent for movement and terrible for the ground. A track that works beautifully in September is often unusable by December along its whole length.
Reinforcement makes the concept work year-round. Grass-filled grids along the track keep a natural surface underfoot while stopping the rootzone shearing, and the confinement means the track holds up under the repeated, concentrated traffic it is designed to create.
Reinforce the whole loop if the budget allows. If it does not, do the corners, gateways, water points and any narrow section first: those fail long before the straights do.
Day to day management
Treat it as grazing, because that is what it is.
Top or mow it with everything else; mowers and toppers pass straight over because the cell tops sit below the growing crown. Muck can be picked as normal, and a barrow wheels across a firm level surface far more easily than across poached ground. Harrow with care and keep tines set shallow over reinforced areas.
Feed and overseed worn patches at the end of the season rather than waiting for them to spread, and check levels after the first winter, brushing any settled cells back up. The grid itself needs nothing.
Get it right first time
The one thing worth knowing: dig the mud out first.
Every failed gateway on every yard has the same history. Someone tipped stone into a wet hole because it was quicker than excavating, it sank into the soft ground over one winter, and by the next year the hole was back and deeper.
Anything laid on mud becomes mud. Excavate to firm ground, get the membrane in, build the sub-base in layers, then let the grass establish. Do that and the surface will still be there in twenty years. Skip it and you will be doing the same job again next autumn, in worse weather, with horses to move in the meantime.
Ask our engineer
Questions about depths, rootzone, gateway sizing or reinforcing a track system? Ask below, or get in touch directly.
Design your surface
Set out the area, choose a grid and an infill, and see the finished surface. The schedule and the specification follow.
Permeable surface specification
Schedule
Assumptions
Specification
Common Questions
Why do horse gateways and tracks poach so badly?
A half-tonne horse on four hooves concentrates more pressure per square centimetre into the ground than most vehicles do, and unlike a vehicle it stands in the same place for hours and returns the next day.
Grass copes with that in summer but not in January, when the ground is saturated and the sward is not growing. The turf shears, the rootzone is pushed sideways, water fills the hollow, and the area does not recover until spring.
Will the grass actually grow through the grid?
Yes. The rootzone is filled level with the cell tops, and grass grows up over the cell walls so the grid is hidden completely once established. Mowers and toppers pass straight over because the cell tops sit below the growing crown.
What changes is underneath: the rootzone is confined so it cannot be displaced sideways or trodden into soft ground.
Should I fill grids with grass or stone on a horse property?
Grass everywhere horses spend time. It keeps a natural surface underfoot, keeps land as grazing rather than hard standing, and avoids putting loose material where horses walk, since stone can move underfoot, bruise soles or lodge in a hoof or shoe.
Stone earns its place at horsebox parking, yard access and muck heap approaches, where a vehicle turns under load. Where stone is used near horses, specify a fine angular graded blend packed level rather than large or rounded material.
What rootzone should equestrian grass grids be filled with?
A sand-dominant rootzone, filled level with the cell tops, not topsoil on its own. Topsoil holds water and compacts under hooves, which suffocates roots exactly where the grass is under most pressure.
A sand-dominant mix keeps the profile open and free-draining so air reaches the roots after a wet week of turnout.
What seed mix should I use?
Specify for wear tolerance rather than appearance: a hard-wearing equine or amenity mixture looks less like a lawn in year one and considerably better in year five.
Where laminitis or metabolic issues are a concern in the herd, discuss species selection with your vet or a grassland adviser before ordering, since sugar content varies significantly between mixtures and it is far easier to choose correctly than to change it later.
Do I need to dig the mud out first?
Yes, and it is the step that matters most. Poached ground has no bearing capacity, so building on it just buries the problem deeper.
Excavate to firm subsoil however far down that is, lay a woven geotextile, then build the sub-base in compacted layers. Anything laid on mud becomes mud.
How far should a reinforced gateway extend?
Further than the gap itself. Horses and vehicles fan out as they come through and so does the damage.
As a working rule, take it at least a horsebox length into the field and wider than the gate opening on both sides. Where horses queue at a gate waiting to come in, extend it on the field side to cover where they stand, not just where they walk.
Can grids be used for a track system?
Yes, and track systems are a natural fit because they deliberately concentrate horses into a narrow route, which is excellent for movement and hard on the ground. Grass-filled grids keep a natural surface underfoot while stopping the rootzone shearing.
If budget will not stretch to the whole loop, do the corners, gateways, water points and narrow sections first, because those fail long before the straights.
How long before horses can go on it?
Allow a full growing season before winter turnout where you can, because the surface is only as strong as the root structure holding the rootzone together.
Where the calendar will not allow it, use turf rather than seed and phase the work so some areas establish while others carry traffic. Doing gateways in spring gives the sward the whole summer before it is asked to do anything difficult.
Can I still poo pick, harrow and top the area?
Yes. Muck can be picked as normal, and a barrow wheels across a firm level surface far more easily than across poached ground. Top or mow with everything else, since the cell tops sit below the growing crown.
Harrow with care and keep tines set shallow over reinforced areas.
Will reinforced turnout help with mud fever?
Persistent wet, dirty conditions underfoot are a recognised risk factor for mud fever and thrush, so keeping horses out of standing mud at gateways, troughs and shelter doors removes one of the contributors. A reinforced grass surface stays firm and drains rather than holding water.
It is one part of management rather than a cure, and veterinary advice should guide the rest.
Ask our engineer
Questions about depths, sub-base, edging or which system fits your project? Ask below.
